MARSHALL
Definition: Mare (horse) servant - possibly meaning a wide variety of related occupations including farrier, groom, and horse doctor.
Surname Origin: British
Alternate Surname Spellings: MARSHAL, MARSHALE, MARESCAL
English and Scottish: Status name or occupational name from Middle English, Old French maresc(h)al ‘marshal’. The term is of Germanic origin (compare Old High German marah ‘horse’, ‘mare’ + scalc ‘servant’). Originally it denoted a man who looked after horses, but by the heyday of medieval surname formation it denoted on the one hand one of the most important servants in a great household (in the royal household a high official of state, one with military responsibilities), and on the other a humble shoeing smith or farrier. It was also an occupational name for a medieval court officer responsible for the custody of prisoners. Link to article in issue 67 of Your Family Tree magazine on the Marshall Surname, click here. |
JESSUP
Surname Origin: English
Alternate Surname Spellings: JESSOP, JESSOPE, JESOP, JESOPE, JESSOPP
English: From the personal name, a variant of Joseph, representing the usual pronunciation of the name in the Middle Ages. |
BROOKS
Definition: Derivation of "brook," or a small stream. Also a name given to those who came from Brooksbank, the name of several places in England derived from Middle English "brokes" for brook and "bank" for bank. Just about as many origins as there are streams.
Surname Origin: English
Alternate Surname Spellings: BROOK, BROKE, BROOKING, BROOKINGS, BROOKSBANK
English: From the possessive case of Brook (i.e. ‘of the brook’). |
BAINES
Surname Origin: English
Alternate Surname Spellings: BANES, BAYNES, BAYNS, BAYNNES, BAINNES
English: From a derivative of Bain.
Scottish and northern English: Nickname meaning ‘bones’. Compare Bain 2.
Scottish: Reduced form of McBane, with English patronymic -s.
English, of Welsh origin: Anglicized form of Welsh ab Einws ‘son of Einws’, a pet form of the personal name Einon (see Eynon).
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COLE
Definition: i)An abbreviation or diminuitive of Nicholas (people’s victory). Especially common among the Dutch. ii) Coal-black and swarthy or top-knot, crown of the head.
Surname Origin: Various
Alternate Surname Spellings: COLES, COAL, KOHL
Coles: English: Patronymic from Cole.
English: From a Middle English pet form of Nicholas. Also from a Middle English personal name derived from the Old English byname Cola (from col ‘(char)coal’, presumably denoting someone of swarthy appearance), or the Old Norse cognate Koli.
Scottish and Irish: When not of English origin, this is a reduced and altered form of McCool.
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HALL
Definition: A place name derived from various words for "large house," usually used to signify someone who lived in or worked in a hall or manor house. It could also possibly be an old Norse word for "boulder, slope" thus meaning someone who lived on a slope.
Surname Origin: Various
Alternate Surname Spellings: HALLE, HAULE, HAUL, HAL
English, Scottish, Irish, German, and Scandinavian: From Middle English hall (Old English heall), Middle High German halle, Old Norse holl all meaning ‘hall’ (a spacious residence), hence a topographic name for someone who lived in or near a hall or an occupational name for a servant employed at a hall. In some cases it may be a habitational name from places named with this word, which in some parts of Germany and Austria in the Middle Ages also denoted a salt mine. The English name has been established in Ireland since the Middle Ages, and, according to MacLysaght, has become numerous in Ulster since the 17th century.
Scottish: Spelling variations of this family name include: Hall, Halle, Haule, Haul, Hal, De Aule and others.
German: Spelling variations of this family name include: Hall, Halland, Hallandsfar, Hallay, Hallberg, Halle, Hallegg, Hallenaut, Haller, Hallermund, Hallersdorf, Hallerstein, Halletius, Halleux, Hallez, Hallmann and many more. Also, Swedish & Dutch origins. |
RANSHAW
Surname Origin: English
Alternate Surname Spellings: RENCHAW, RENSHAW, OLERENSHAW, OLLERENSHAW
Renchaw: English: Habitational name from Renishaw in Derbyshire, named from the Middle English personal name Reynold + shawe ‘copse’. The name is still found chiefly in Derbyshire, South Yorkshire, and Lancashire.
English: Variant of Renshaw. |